Our eyes work much like a camera. In a camera, light passes through the lens and focuses on the film. Each of your eyes also has a crystalline lens Crystalline lens: Structure inside the eye that help to bring rays of light to a focus on the retina. Iris: The colored part of the eye surrounding the pupil which controls the amount of light that enters the eye. Cornea: Clear front surface of the eye that covers the iris and pupil. The cornea provides most of an eye's optical power. Retina: The transmitter located at the back of your eye that sends the images to your brain.
By contracting and relaxing the muscles that make up the ciliary body
Ciliary body: An eye muscle that controls the shape of the lens to enable the eye to quickly change focus to see objects at near, intermediate and far distances. Accommodation: The ability of the eye's lens to change shape to focus on objects at various distances.
As we grow older, the muscles that control our eyes become weaker and we lose the ability to accommodate. This leads to a condition called presbyopia
Presbyopia: An eye condition commonly due to aging and a stiffening of the lens, which results in an eye that can no longer accommodate for near or "reading" vision. The individual is no longer able to read clearly and typically requires reading glasses.